Sum of products: {sum}. Round up to the next
multiple of 10: {next}. Check digit:{' '}
{next} − {sum} = {check}
{check === given ? `, which matches the last digit of ${value}.` : `, but ${value} ends in ${given}: this number is not valid.`}
;
};
const EAN_L = ['0001101', '0011001', '0010011', '0111101', '0100011', '0110001', '0101111', '0111011', '0110111', '0001011'];
const EAN_R = EAN_L.map(p => p.replace(/./g, c => c === '0' ? '1' : '0'));
const EAN_G = EAN_R.map(p => p.split('').reverse().join(''));
const EAN_PARITY = ['LLLLLL', 'LLGLGG', 'LLGGLG', 'LLGGGL', 'LGLLGG', 'LGGLLG', 'LGGGLL', 'LGLGLG', 'LGLGGL', 'LGGLGL'];
const leftChar = k => 3 + 7 * k + 3.5;
const rightChar = (k, halfWidth) => 3 + halfWidth + 5 + 7 * k + 3.5;
const ANATOMY = {
'ean-13': {
length: 13,
quiet: [11, 7],
encode: d => {
const parity = EAN_PARITY[d[0]];
const left = d.slice(1, 7).map((n, i) => (parity[i] === 'L' ? EAN_L : EAN_G)[n]).join('');
const right = d.slice(7).map(n => EAN_R[n]).join('');
return '101' + left + '01010' + right + '101';
},
hri: i => i === 0 ? -6 : i <= 6 ? leftChar(i - 1) : rightChar(i - 7, 42),
number: [[0, 3, 'GS1 prefix', 'Which national GS1 office issued the company prefix. Not the country the product was made in.'], [3, 12, 'Company prefix and item reference', 'The brand owner’s GS1 company prefix followed by its number for this item. Where one ends and the other begins depends on the prefix length, which you can’t tell from the digits alone.'], [12, 13, 'Check digit', 'Calculated from the other 12 digits with GS1 mod-10.']],
leftNote: 'Six digits, each seven modules wide. Each digit is drawn in one of two patterns, and the combination of patterns encodes the first digit, which has no bars of its own.'
},
'upc-a': {
length: 12,
quiet: [9, 9],
encode: d => '101' + d.slice(0, 6).map(n => EAN_L[n]).join('') + '01010' + d.slice(6).map(n => EAN_R[n]).join('') + '101',
hri: i => i === 0 ? -5 : i <= 5 ? leftChar(i) : i <= 10 ? rightChar(i - 6, 42) : 95 + 5,
extended: [[3, 10], [85, 92]],
number: [[0, 11, 'Company prefix and item reference', 'The brand owner’s GS1 company prefix followed by its number for this item.'], [11, 12, 'Check digit', 'Calculated from the other 11 digits with GS1 mod-10.']],
leftNote: 'Six digits, each seven modules wide.'
},
'ean-8': {
length: 8,
quiet: [7, 7],
encode: d => '101' + d.slice(0, 4).map(n => EAN_L[n]).join('') + '01010' + d.slice(4).map(n => EAN_R[n]).join('') + '101',
hri: i => i <= 3 ? leftChar(i) : rightChar(i - 4, 28),
number: [[0, 3, 'GS1-8 prefix', 'Which national GS1 office issued the number.'], [3, 7, 'Item reference', 'Assigned by that GS1 office for this item.'], [7, 8, 'Check digit', 'Calculated from the other 7 digits with GS1 mod-10.']],
leftNote: 'Four digits, each seven modules wide.'
},
'upc-e': {
length: 8,
quiet: [9, 7],
encode: d => {
const forZero = ['GGGLLL', 'GGLGLL', 'GGLLGL', 'GGLLLG', 'GLGGLL', 'GLLGGL', 'GLLLGG', 'GLGLGL', 'GLGLLG', 'GLLGLG'][d[7]];
const parity = d[0] === 0 ? forZero : forZero.replace(/./g, c => c === 'G' ? 'L' : 'G');
return '101' + d.slice(1, 7).map((n, i) => (parity[i] === 'L' ? EAN_L : EAN_G)[n]).join('') + '010101';
},
hri: i => i === 0 ? -5 : i <= 6 ? leftChar(i - 1) : 51 + 4,
guards: () => [[0, 3], [45, 51]],
structure: () => [['Start guard', 0, 3, 'Three modules (bar, space, bar) that tell the scanner where the symbol starts and how wide one module is.'], ['Six digits', 3, 45, 'Each digit is seven modules wide and drawn in one of two patterns. The combination of patterns encodes the number system and the check digit, which have no bars of their own.'], ['End guard', 45, 51, 'Six modules that mark the end of the symbol.']],
number: [[0, 1, 'Number system', 'Always 0 or 1.'], [1, 7, 'Zero-suppressed digits', 'The company prefix and item reference with their zeros removed. The last of the six says where the zeros go back.'], [7, 8, 'Check digit', 'The check digit of the full 12-digit UPC-A.']]
}
};
ANATOMY.isbn = {
...ANATOMY['ean-13'],
number: [[0, 3, 'Prefix', '978 or 979, which mark the number as a book.'], [3, 12, 'Registration group, registrant and publication', 'The language area or country, the publisher, and the edition. Each part varies in length, which is what the hyphens in a printed ISBN show.'], [12, 13, 'Check digit', 'Calculated from the other 12 digits with GS1 mod-10.']]
};
ANATOMY.issn = {
...ANATOMY['ean-13'],
number: [[0, 3, 'Prefix', '977, which marks the number as a serial publication.'], [3, 10, 'ISSN', 'The first seven digits of the ISSN. Its own check digit is left out.'], [10, 12, 'Variant', 'Usually 00. Publishers change it for a special issue or a price change.'], [12, 13, 'Check digit', 'Calculated from the other 12 digits with GS1 mod-10.']]
};
const Anatomy = ({type, value, plain}) => {
const spec = ANATOMY[type];
const digits = String(value).split('').map(Number);
if (!spec || digits.length !== spec.length || digits.some(isNaN)) {
return
Can’t draw {type} for “{value}”.
;
}
const modules = spec.encode(digits);
const n = modules.length;
const half = (n - 11) / 2;
const guards = spec.guards ? spec.guards() : [[0, 3], [3 + half, 8 + half], [n - 3, n]];
const tall = [...guards, ...spec.extended || []];
const isTall = m => tall.some(([a, b]) => m >= a && m < b);
const M = 4;
const [qL, qR] = spec.quiet;
const x = m => (qL + m) * M;
const width = (qL + n + qR) * M;
const labelTop = plain ? 0 : 30, barTop = labelTop + 6, barH = 70, guardH = 76, hriY = barTop + guardH + 4, labelBottom = hriY + 6;
const bottomBracket = labelBottom + 8, height = plain ? labelBottom : bottomBracket + 22;
const bars = [];
for (let m = 0; m < n; m++) {
if (modules[m] !== '1') continue;
let end = m;
while (modules[end + 1] === '1') end++;
bars.push();
m = end;
}
const structure = spec.structure ? spec.structure() : [['Start guard', 0, 3, 'Three modules (bar, space, bar) that tell the scanner where the symbol starts and how wide one module is.'], ['Left half', 3, 3 + half, spec.leftNote], ['Center guard', 3 + half, 8 + half, 'Five modules that separate the two halves. Scanners decode each half on its own, then join them.'], ['Right half', 8 + half, n - 3, 'The remaining digits, each seven modules wide, always drawn from the same set of patterns.'], ['End guard', n - 3, n, 'Three modules that mark the end of the symbol.']];
const numberSegs = spec.number.map(([a, b, name, meaning]) => [name, spec.hri(a) - 3.5, spec.hri(b - 1) + 3.5, meaning]);
const legend = [...structure, ...numberSegs];
const bracket = (key, x1, x2, y, up) => {
const t = up ? y - 4 : y + 4;
return ;
};
const marker = (key, label, cx, y) => {label};
const label = <>
{}
{bars}
{digits.map((d, i) => {d})}
;
if (plain) {
return ;
}
return
{legend.map(([name, , , meaning]) =>
{name}. {meaning}
)}
;
};
const C128 = [[2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2], [2, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2], [2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1], [1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 3], [1, 2, 1, 3, 2, 2], [1, 3, 1, 2, 2, 2], [1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 3], [1, 2, 2, 3, 1, 2], [1, 3, 2, 2, 1, 2], [2, 2, 1, 2, 1, 3], [2, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2], [2, 3, 1, 2, 1, 2], [1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 2], [1, 2, 2, 1, 3, 2], [1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 1], [1, 1, 3, 2, 2, 2], [1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 2], [1, 2, 3, 2, 2, 1], [2, 2, 3, 2, 1, 1], [2, 2, 1, 1, 3, 2], [2, 2, 1, 2, 3, 1], [2, 1, 3, 2, 1, 2], [2, 2, 3, 1, 1, 2], [3, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1], [3, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2], [3, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2], [3, 2, 1, 2, 2, 1], [3, 1, 2, 2, 1, 2], [3, 2, 2, 1, 1, 2], [3, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1], [2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 3], [2, 1, 2, 3, 2, 1], [2, 3, 2, 1, 2, 1], [1, 1, 1, 3, 2, 3], [1, 3, 1, 1, 2, 3], [1, 3, 1, 3, 2, 1], [1, 1, 2, 3, 1, 3], [1, 3, 2, 1, 1, 3], [1, 3, 2, 3, 1, 1], [2, 1, 1, 3, 1, 3], [2, 3, 1, 1, 1, 3], [2, 3, 1, 3, 1, 1], [1, 1, 2, 1, 3, 3], [1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 1], [1, 3, 2, 1, 3, 1], [1, 1, 3, 1, 2, 3], [1, 1, 3, 3, 2, 1], [1, 3, 3, 1, 2, 1], [3, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1], [2, 1, 1, 3, 3, 1], [2, 3, 1, 1, 3, 1], [2, 1, 3, 1, 1, 3], [2, 1, 3, 3, 1, 1], [2, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1], [3, 1, 1, 1, 2, 3], [3, 1, 1, 3, 2, 1], [3, 3, 1, 1, 2, 1], [3, 1, 2, 1, 1, 3], [3, 1, 2, 3, 1, 1], [3, 3, 2, 1, 1, 1], [3, 1, 4, 1, 1, 1], [2, 2, 1, 4, 1, 1], [4, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 4], [1, 1, 1, 4, 2, 2], [1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 4], [1, 2, 1, 4, 2, 1], [1, 4, 1, 1, 2, 2], [1, 4, 1, 2, 2, 1], [1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 4], [1, 1, 2, 4, 1, 2], [1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 4], [1, 2, 2, 4, 1, 1], [1, 4, 2, 1, 1, 2], [1, 4, 2, 2, 1, 1], [2, 4, 1, 2, 1, 1], [2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 4], [4, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1], [2, 4, 1, 1, 1, 2], [1, 3, 4, 1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1, 2, 4, 2], [1, 2, 1, 1, 4, 2], [1, 2, 1, 2, 4, 1], [1, 1, 4, 2, 1, 2], [1, 2, 4, 1, 1, 2], [1, 2, 4, 2, 1, 1], [4, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2], [4, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2], [4, 2, 1, 2, 1, 1], [2, 1, 2, 1, 4, 1], [2, 1, 4, 1, 2, 1], [4, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 4, 3], [1, 1, 1, 3, 4, 1], [1, 3, 1, 1, 4, 1], [1, 1, 4, 1, 1, 3], [1, 1, 4, 3, 1, 1], [4, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3], [4, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1], [1, 1, 3, 1, 4, 1], [1, 1, 4, 1, 3, 1], [3, 1, 1, 1, 4, 1], [4, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1], [2, 1, 1, 4, 1, 2], [2, 1, 1, 2, 1, 4], [2, 1, 1, 2, 3, 2], [2, 3, 3, 1, 1, 1, 2]];
const C39_CHARS = '0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ-. $/+%';
const C39 = [0x034, 0x121, 0x061, 0x160, 0x031, 0x130, 0x070, 0x025, 0x124, 0x064, 0x109, 0x049, 0x148, 0x019, 0x118, 0x058, 0x00d, 0x10c, 0x04c, 0x01c, 0x103, 0x043, 0x142, 0x013, 0x112, 0x052, 0x007, 0x106, 0x046, 0x016, 0x181, 0x0c1, 0x1c0, 0x091, 0x190, 0x0d0, 0x085, 0x184, 0x0c4, 0x0a8, 0x0a2, 0x08a, 0x02a];
const C39_STAR = 0x094;
const I25 = ['NNWWN', 'WNNNW', 'NWNNW', 'WWNNN', 'NNWNW', 'WNWNN', 'NWWNN', 'NNNWW', 'WNNWN', 'NWNWN'];
const C93 = [0x114, 0x148, 0x144, 0x142, 0x128, 0x124, 0x122, 0x150, 0x112, 0x10a, 0x1a8, 0x1a4, 0x1a2, 0x194, 0x192, 0x18a, 0x168, 0x164, 0x162, 0x134, 0x11a, 0x158, 0x14c, 0x146, 0x12c, 0x116, 0x1b4, 0x1b2, 0x1ac, 0x1a6, 0x196, 0x19a, 0x16c, 0x166, 0x136, 0x13a, 0x12e, 0x1d4, 0x1d2, 0x1ca, 0x16e, 0x176, 0x1ae, 0x126, 0x1da, 0x1d6, 0x132, 0x15e];
const code93 = text => {
const values = [...text].map(c => C39_CHARS.indexOf(c));
const weighted = (vs, max) => vs.reduceRight((acc, v, i) => acc + v * ((vs.length - 1 - i) % max + 1), 0) % 47;
const c = weighted(values, 20);
const k = weighted([...values, c], 15);
const modules = [47, ...values, c, k, 47].map(v => C93[v].toString(2).padStart(9, '0')).join('') + '1';
const widths = [];
for (let i = 0; i < modules.length; ) {
let j = i;
while (modules[j] === modules[i]) j++;
widths.push(j - i);
i = j;
}
const n = values.length;
const name = v => C39_CHARS[v] || `value ${v}`;
return {
widths,
hri: text,
segments: [['Start character', 0, 9, 'Marks the start. Scanners don’t send it.'], ['Data', 9, 9 * (n + 1), 'Each character is 9 modules: three bars and three spaces, each 1 to 4 modules wide.'], ['Check character C', 9 * (n + 1), 9 * (n + 2), `Mod-47 over the data, with weights 1 to 20. Here, ${name(c)}.`], ['Check character K', 9 * (n + 2), 9 * (n + 3), `Mod-47 over the data and C, with weights 1 to 15. Here, ${name(k)}.`], ['Stop', 9 * (n + 3), 9 * (n + 4) + 1, 'The stop character, then a single-module bar that ends the symbol.']]
};
};
const code39 = text => {
const chars = [...text];
const check = C39_CHARS[chars.reduce((sum, c) => sum + C39_CHARS.indexOf(c), 0) % 43];
const element = bits => Array.from({
length: 9
}, (_, i) => bits >> 8 - i & 1 ? 3 : 1);
const parts = [C39_STAR, ...chars.map(c => C39[C39_CHARS.indexOf(c)]), C39[C39_CHARS.indexOf(check)], C39_STAR];
const widths = [];
parts.forEach((bits, i) => {
widths.push(...element(bits));
if (i < parts.length - 1) widths.push(1);
});
const char = 16;
const n = parts.length;
return {
widths,
hri: text + check,
segments: [['Start character', 0, 15, 'An asterisk. It marks the start, and scanners don’t send it.'], ['Data', char, char * (n - 2) - 1, 'Each character is nine elements, five bars and four spaces, three of them wide. A narrow gap separates characters.'], ['Check character', char * (n - 2), char * (n - 1) - 1, `Optional. The mod-43 check for this data is ${check}.`], ['Stop character', char * (n - 1), char * n - 1, 'Another asterisk, which marks the end.']]
};
};
const code128Values = (text, gs1) => {
const digitsAt = i => {
let n = 0;
while ((/\d/).test(text[i + n] || '')) n++;
return n;
};
let set = digitsAt(0) >= 4 ? 'C' : 'B';
const values = [set === 'C' ? 105 : 104];
if (gs1) values.push(102);
for (let i = 0; i < text.length; ) {
if (text[i] === '\x1d') {
values.push(102);
i += 1;
continue;
}
if (set === 'C') {
if (digitsAt(i) >= 2) {
values.push(Number(text.slice(i, i + 2)));
i += 2;
} else {
values.push(100);
set = 'B';
}
} else if (digitsAt(i) >= 4 && digitsAt(i) % 2 === 0) {
values.push(99);
set = 'C';
} else {
values.push(text.charCodeAt(i) - 32);
i += 1;
}
}
return values;
};
const code128 = (text, gs1) => {
const data = gs1 ? gs1Text(text) : text;
const values = code128Values(data, gs1);
const check = values.reduce((sum, v, i) => sum + v * (i || 1), 0) % 103;
const widths = [...values, check, 106].flatMap(v => C128[v]);
const head = gs1 ? 22 : 11;
const end = values.length * 11;
const startSet = values[0] === 105 ? 'C' : 'B';
const startNote = startSet === 'C' ? 'The first characters are digits, packed two to a character.' : 'The first characters are text. The start code also counts toward the check.';
return {
widths,
hri: text,
segments: [[`Start code ${startSet}`, 0, 11, startNote], ...gs1 ? [['FNC1', 11, 22, 'A special character that marks the barcode as GS1-128. Scanners don’t send it as data.']] : [], ['Data', head, end, gs1 ? 'Each character is 11 modules: three bars and three spaces. Digits are packed two to a character in code set C, then a switch to code set B handles the letters.' : 'Each character is 11 modules: three bars and three spaces, each 1 to 4 modules wide.'], ['Check character', end, end + 11, `Mod-103 check, value ${check}. Scanners verify it, then drop it.`], ['Stop', end + 11, end + 24, 'Thirteen modules, ending in a final bar.']]
};
};
const itf = (digits, wide = 2.5) => {
const widths = [1, 1, 1, 1];
for (let i = 0; i < digits.length; i += 2) {
const bars = I25[digits[i]], spaces = I25[digits[i + 1]];
for (let k = 0; k < 5; k++) widths.push(bars[k] === 'W' ? wide : 1, spaces[k] === 'W' ? wide : 1);
}
widths.push(wide, 1, 1);
const pair = 2 * (3 + 2 * wide);
const end = 4 + pair * (digits.length / 2);
return {
widths,
hri: digits,
segments: [['Start', 0, 4, 'Four narrow elements: bar, space, bar, space.'], ['Digit pairs', 4, end, 'Each pair of digits shares five bars and five spaces. The first digit sets which bars are wide, the second which spaces are wide.'], ['Stop', end, end + wide + 2, 'A wide bar, a narrow space and a narrow bar.']]
};
};
const GS1_AI_NAMES = {
'00': ['SSCC', 'The serial shipping container code: an 18-digit number for one pallet or parcel.'],
'01': ['GTIN', 'The product’s 14-digit GTIN.'],
10: ['Batch or lot', 'Up to 20 characters. Variable length, so it comes last or is followed by a separator.'],
11: ['Production date', 'YYMMDD.'],
15: ['Best before date', 'YYMMDD.'],
17: ['Expiry date', 'YYMMDD.'],
21: ['Serial number', 'Up to 20 characters.'],
37: ['Count', 'How many trade items the unit contains.']
};
const LINEAR = {
'code-39': {
quiet: 10,
encode: v => code39(v)
},
'code-93': {
quiet: 10,
encode: v => code93(v)
},
'code-128': {
quiet: 10,
encode: v => code128(v, false)
},
'gs1-128': {
quiet: 10,
encode: v => code128(v, true),
numbers: hri => [...hri.matchAll(/\((\d{2,4})\)[^(]*/g)].map(m => {
const [name, meaning] = GS1_AI_NAMES[m[1]] || [`AI ${m[1]}`, ''];
return [m.index, m.index + m[0].length, `(${m[1]}) ${name}`, meaning];
})
},
'interleaved-2-of-5': {
quiet: 10,
encode: v => itf(v)
},
'itf-14': {
quiet: 10,
bearer: true,
encode: v => itf(v),
numbers: () => [[0, 1, 'Indicator digit', 'The packaging level. 1 to 8 mean a case or other grouping of the same item.'], [1, 13, 'Item number', 'Often the first 12 digits of the item’s own GTIN-13, but not always.'], [13, 14, 'Check digit', 'GS1 mod-10, calculated over all 14 digits.']]
}
};
const Linear = ({type, value, plain}) => {
const spec = LINEAR[type];
if (!spec || !value) return
;
};
export const type_0 = "planet"
PLANET Code was the US Postal Service's barcode for tracking mail through its Confirm service. It looks like [POSTNET](/reference/barcode-types/postnet) with tall and short bars swapped. The [Intelligent Mail barcode](/reference/barcode-types/usps-intelligent-mail) replaced it.
Scan or paste a barcode and see every part of it.
Generate a valid barcode from fields.
## Where you'll see it
* **Older tracked mailings**, usually alongside a POSTNET barcode.
* **Not on new mail.** Its tracking data is now part of the Intelligent Mail barcode.
## Anatomy
Like POSTNET, every bar is tall or short:
But each digit is five bars with three tall and two short, the reverse of POSTNET.
| Part | Digits | What it was |
| - | - | - |
| Service type | 2 | Destination Confirm or Origin Confirm |
| Mailer and mailpiece | 9 or 11 | Identified the mailer and the piece |
| Check digit | 1 | Detects errors |
So a PLANET Code was 12 or 14 digits long, with a frame bar at each end.
## Variants and related types
* **[POSTNET](/reference/barcode-types/postnet)**: the routing barcode PLANET was designed to sit beside.
* **[USPS Intelligent Mail](/reference/barcode-types/usps-intelligent-mail)**: combines routing and tracking in one barcode.
## Scanning it in your app
```swift theme={null}
ScanField("Tracking", text: $tracking)
.barcodeTypes(.postal)
```
## Specification
* [USPS Domestic Mail Manual, 2004 archive, section S941](https://pe.usps.com/archive/html/dmmarchive20041209/S941.htm): the Confirm service and its PLANET Code.
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